Key figures Sanitation

All means of collection, transportation and treatment, of purification of wastewater before discharge into rivers or soil.

Population sanitation methods:

• 0.65% for type of collective sanitation;
• 0.05% for type of semi-collective sanitation;
• 75.03% for type of improved individual sanitation;
• 23.84% for traditional sanitation type;
• 0.43% no sanitation at all.

Liquid sanitation coverage rate:

• 19.7% WC with flush;
• 56% improved latrines;
• 23.8% of traditional latrines.

Key figures Climatic changes

• Climate change is noticeable in Cameroon, for example the drying up of many water points, such as Lake Chad, whose area has decreased from 25,000 km2 and 5 meters deep in the 1960s to less than 2,000 km2 and 1,500 km2. m deep in 2016;
• The climate is more and more unstable;
• The resurgence of natural disasters of meteorological origin in Yaoundé;
• The resurgence of natural disasters of meteorological origin in Yaoundé;
• The creation of a meteorological program at the National Polytechnic School of Yaoundé;
• The development by Cameroon of its planned contribution determined at the national level (INDC) for the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol (2005) and the resolutions of the various COPs (19, 20, 21 and 22), consisting of 7 orientations declined in 47 actions.

Key figures Waste

The Cameroonian population in ten (10) key figures :
• 24 million inhabitants 2017, an increase of 6.8% per year since 2006;
• 1,015,035 tons the production of industrial solid waste collected per year since 2006;
• 6 million tonnes per year of municipal waste;
• 600,000 tons per year of plastic waste (10%);
• Percentages of pathologies related to household garbage (table above): malaria 54.5%, cough 16%, headache 11.5%, other 6%, diarrhea 5.5%, amebiasis 3, 5%, cholera 2%, typhoid fever 1%, others etc;
• Gaps in access to the public service of waste are enormous and range from 70% to 60% in neighborhoods high standing, middle class and collective housing;
• 40% maximum rate of coverage of public waste service in spontaneous settlements (QHS);
• 10% maximum rate of coverage of the public waste service in peri-urban areas;
• The framework law of 5 August 1996 on the management of the environment regulates the activities of bakeries;

diseases	Frequency	Percentage (%)	Percentage valid (%)	Cumulative percentage (%)
Malaria	327	54,5	54,5	54,5
Amoebiasis	21	3,5	3,5	58,0
Cholera	12	2,0	2,0	60,0
Typhoid fever	6	1,0	1,0	61,0
Cough	96	16,0	16,0	77,0
diarrhea	33	5,5	5,5	82,5
Headache	69	11,5	11,5	94,0
Other	36	6,0	6,0	100,0
TOTAL	600	100,0	100,0

• Each inhabitant of Yaounde produces between 0.5 to 1.3 kg of waste per day;
• 0.85 kg average annual waste produced per capita per day in 2005, including 0.6 kg / inhabitant / day in the dry season and 0.98 kg / inhabitant / day in the rainy season;
• 54 kg of waste per hour, efficiency of a garbage man, ie an average of 216 kg / day;
• 80% of the cost of waste collection in Yaoundé is borne by the government;
• 20% of the cost of waste collection in Yaoundé is borne by the Yaounde Urban Community (CUY);
• 1,015,035 tons of solid industrial waste are produced per year by the primary and secondary sectors;
• Ordinary industrial waste: production of 305,000 tonnes per year, of which 75% (228750 tonnes) is dumped with household waste, 24% (7,300 tonnes) is recycled or reused and 1% is concealed in nature;
• Special industrial waste: production of 18400 tons per year, of which 30.44% (5600 tons) are hidden in nature without treatment, 28.26% (5200 tons) are incinerated, and 41.30% (7600 tons) are landfilled at the same time as garbage;
• Liquid industrial waste (wastewater, used oil, solvents, etc.): 70,000 m3 used oils per year in 2006, 84290 m3 of solvents per year in 2006;
• Industrial gaseous waste (fumes, other emissions from energy industries, cement plants, incinerators, transport, etc.): 61% of CO2 emissions come from transport, 11% of CO2 emissions come from the manufacturing sector;
• Hospital waste is a concern of the health authorities: 2474 health facilities in the country (2008), 43 tons / day of waste production, 15700 tons of annual production;
• 600,000 tons of plastic waste produced each year.

Key figures Pollution

Atmospheric pollution :

• 379 ppm concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in 2018;
• 280 ppm of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere in 2005;
• 1.9 ppm annual increase on average;
• Air pollution particularly affects the motorcycle-taxi driver population with a high prevalence of eye disorders: tearing (80.49%), conjunctivitis (33.33%), eye pain (53.9%), nostrils spicy (20%), neurotoxic and general fatigue (43.9%) and headaches (70%).

Soil pollution :

• A real problem, even if it does not yet sufficiently mobilize politicians and citizens.
• A real problem, even if it does not yet sufficiently mobilize politicians and citizens.

Water pollution :

• Water pollution in Cameroon's cities is worrying;
• Water can be considered as the final receiving medium for all other forms of pollution (air, soil);
• In Yaoundé, each person or household consumes on average 53 liters of water each day;
• All the lakes of Yaoundé suffer from the phenomenon of eutrophication.

Key figures Legal monitoring

The legislative and regulatory texts governing the management of the environment in Cameroon :

• Law No. 73/20 of 29 April 1973 Governing Urban Planning in the United Republic of Cameroon;
• Law No. 75/13 of 8 December 1975 regulating veterinary health inspection;
• Law No. 98/015 of 14 July 1998 on establishments classified as dangerous, unhealthy or uncomfortable, amending and supplementing Law No. 76/08 of 8 July 1976 fixing the costs of inspection and control of dangerous, unhealthy or uncomfortable establishments followed Decree No. 76/372 of 2 September 1976;
• Law No. 86/016 of 6 December 1986 on the general reorganization of civil protection in Cameroon;
• Law No. 89/027 of 29 December 1989 on Hazardous and Toxic Wastes;
• Law No. 90/013 of 10 August 1990 on phytosanitary protection;
• Law No. 94/01 of 20 January 1994 on the Forest, Wildlife and Fisheries Regime and its two implementing decrees;
• Law No. 96/12 of August 5, 1996, establishing a framework law on environmental management; the provisions of Chapter IV deal with waste management, in particular Articles 42, 43, 44, 45 and 46;
• Law No. 96/117 of 5 August 1996 on standardization;
• Law No. 98/005 of 14 April 1998 on the Water Regime;
• Law No. 98/015 of 14 July 1998 on establishments classified as dangerous, unhealthy or uncomfortable;
• Law No. 99/013 of 22 December 1999 on the Petroleum Code;
• Law No. 2001/001 of 16 April 2001 on the Mining Code;
• Law n ° 2004/018 of July 22nd, 2004 fixing the rules applicable to the communes;
• Decree No. 74/990 of 16 December 1974 laying down the procedures for packaging and transporting fishery products;
• Decree No. 86/711 of 14 June 1986 laying down the conditions for veterinary health inspection;
• Decree No. 98/031 of 9 March 1998 on the organization of contingency plans and disaster and major risk relief;
• Decree No. 99/821 / PM of 9 November 1999 laying down the conditions for approval of natural or legal persons for inspections, controls and audits of establishments classified as dangerous, unhealthy or uncomfortable;
• Decree No. 2005/577 / PM of 23 February 2005 laying down the procedures for carrying out environmental impact studies and the Order on categories of environmental impact studies;
• Order No. 0233 / MINEF of 28 February 2000 on the establishment of control and protection posts for the environment;
• Order No. 0222 / MINEF of February 28, 2000, laying down the procedures for drawing up, approving, monitoring and controlling the implementation of the management plans for production forests in the permanent land area;
• Order No. 037 / PM of 19 March 2003 on the establishment, organization and operation of a national observatory of risks;
• Order n ° 0070 / MINEP of April 22nd, 2005 fixing the different categories of operations whose realization is subject to an environmental impact study.